Issue 11/2025
Nikolova, V., Handjieva-Darlenska, T.
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University – Sofia
Obesity is a complex, chronic, and relapsing disease characterized by abnormal and/or excessive accumulation of adipose tissue. In patients with severe obesity and/or associated comorbidities, pharmacological therapy is often indicated, most commonly involving GLP-1 or dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists. The predominant adverse effects of these agents involve the gastrointestinal tract, including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation. Nutritional recommendations play a key role in both the prevention and mitigation of these side effects, aiming to optimize eating behaviors, improve quality of life, and adapt food composition to the individual patient’s needs. Pharmacological interventions are advisable for severe and persistent symptoms.
Key words: nutritional recommendations, obesity, GLP-1 receptor agonists, GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists
Address of correspondence:
Prof. T. Handjieva-Darlenska
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology,
Faculty of Medicine, Medical University – Sofia
2, ‘’Zdrave’’, Str.
1463, Sofia