Issue 6/2025
Grupcheva, H., Grupchev, D.
Vision Center – Varna; Medical University – Varna *
*„The research was funded by the European Union-NextGenerationEU, through the National Recovery and Resilience Plan of the Republic of Bulgaria, project No. BG-RRP-2.004-0009-C02“
The ocular surface includes the cornea, conjunctiva, tear film, and eyelids, and is vulnerable to numerous internal and external factors , including cosmetic products . The tear film, a complex three-layered structure composed of a lipid, aqueous and mucin layers, plays a key role in maintaining ocular surface homeostasis by providing lubrication, hydration, and protection against external factors and pathogens. Cosmetics can have different effects on the ocular surface, ranging from direct toxicity of certain ingredients to changes in tear film dynamics and disruption of meibomian gland function. The aim of the review is to familiarize the general medical audience with the effects of cosmetics both historically and prospectively. The known side effects of cosmetics on the anterior ocular surface and the tear film are highlighted, as well as recommendations for their reduction. The correct behavior is demonstrated with clinical cases. The application of cosmetics in the periorbital area is inevitable, but awareness of the problem by a wide range of specialists, as well as improving the knowledge of the entire society, is of key importance for protecting the health of the anterior ocular surface.
Address for correspondence:
Grupcheva, N.
Vision Center – Varna
4, „Evlogi Georgiev“, Str.
9000 , Varna