Issue 8/2022
M. Radeva1, D. Grupchev1, C. Grupcheva1, A. Lyubenov2
1 Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Medical University –
Varna, Specialised eye hospital – Varna
2 Hospital „Heart and Brain“ – Pleven
Introduction: Dry eye disease (DES, DED) is an extremely common eye condition. Its management can be compared to art, as it requires an individual approach for each patient. Many methods are known in ophthalmic practice to treat the condition, and the use of essential fatty acids is often neglected, despite their accessibility. The present text aims to provide a literature review of studies examining the effects of essential fatty acids on the condition of the ocular surface and their effect on dry eye syndrome. Purpose: To conduct a literature review of publications investigating the potential role of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in the management of DED. Materials and methods: The analysis includes 45 scientific articles and papers published in scientific databases (PubMed, Scopous, Google Scholar), which include controlled studies examining the effects of essential fatty acids on the condition of the ocular surface and the treatment of DED. Results: Numerous studies have shown that increasing the intake of some essential fatty acids, alone or in combination, can contribute to the treatment of DED. Conclusion: The use of essential fatty acids in the management of DED is a potential prospect, especially in cases where topical therapy is not sufficient. Despite promising results, however, no protocol has yet been established for their use in this condition. This is what requires controlled, randomized trials to establish accurate recommendations and guidelines.
Address for correspondence:
М. Radeva
SBOBAL – Varna, Medical University – Varna
15, Doiran, Str.
9002, Varna, Bulgaria