Issue 10/2025
El Tibi, M.
Haematospermia (haemospermia) is a condition characterized by the presence of blood in the seminal fluid. The patient is concerned about the presence of a sexually transmitted infection (STD) or malignancy. It was found in about 1% of the total number of urological cases – about 30 years ago, and to 2.3% in recent years. Many pathological changes in any part of the anatomical sperm path and during the process of formation and ejaculation can lead to hematospermia.
The differential diagnosis must be made between a big number of diseases and conditions of the genitourinary system and others. The causes can be infections or inflammatory diseases, cancers, anomalies, iatrogenic, drug-induced, etc. Despite the large set of equipment and techniques in the diagnosis of hematospermia, 70% of cases remain with unclear causes and are thus added to the idiopathic. Treatment is usually conservative. Depending on the cause of the hemospermia and the severity of the underlying disease, if any, appropriate decisions need to be made. These may range from rest at home to hospitalization and intensive therapy.