Issue 1/2025
Aleksandrova1,2, I.,, Bozhinova1, V.
1 Clinic for Neurological Diseases for Children, St. Naum University Hospital – Sofia
2 Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University – Sofia
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IH) is a syndrome characterized by elevated intracranial pressure in the absence of an expansive intracranial process or hydrocephalus and with normal CSF findings, except for elevated CSF pressure. IH is most often diagnosed in obese postpubertal women. Headache, with or without vomiting, is the most common clinical manifestation. The pathophysiology of the disease still remains incompletely understood, although the most widely discussed mechanisms leading to impaired CSF absorption are the mechanisms. Treatment is aimed at reducing the elevated intracranial pressure, in order to minimize the risk of permanent visual impairment, and the main medications used are acetazolamide, corticosteroids and mannitol. The prognosis of pseudotumor cerebri is usually favorable, however, relapses and severe complications with permanent visual impairment are possible. Timely diagnosis and adequate therapy are of prognostic importance for normalization and preservation of vision in patients with ICH.
Key words: idiopathic intracranial hypertension, pseudotumor cerebri, acetazolamide
Address for correspondence:
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Iliyana Alexandrova, MD
Clinic for Nervous Diseases for Children,
„ St. Naum“ Hospital
1, „Lyuben Rusev“, Str.
1113, Sofia
e-mail: iliyana_@abv.bg